What Is Agriculture?

 

What Is Agriculture Class 8 ?

Agriculture

is a branch of science which deals with scientific study of crops, farming practices , rearing of animals ,fisheries etc. With the aims of 

Improving production and qualities of foods to fulfill demands growing population.

  "Nowadays agriculture is considered  both art and science. As art agriculture deals with  crop production practices, animal rearing practices, fisheries rearing practices etc. And as science agriculture deals with scientific research on crops, fisheries ,animals to increase their production per unit."

Define Farming

Farming is a set of practices which is performed to produce crops and vegetables. 

Farmer

Man who grows vegetables, crops, rear animals and owns a piece of land is preferably called a "farmer".

Agriculture is divided into how many parts?

Ans:-On the basis of different types foods products agriculture is mainly divided into five major branches such as-

1. Agronomy
2. Horticulture
3. Soil science
4. Animal husbandry or livestock
5. Pisciculture

1.Agronomy

Agronomy deals with the study of management of field. Word Agronomy is derived from greek language word "agronomos"

which means " management of field".

Father Of Agronomy- 

Pietro de'Crescenzi

He was an Italian jurist and writer of the Late Middle Ages. He is best known for his work "Ruralia Commoda", a book about agriculture and rural life, which was widely read in medieval Italy and had a significant influence on the development of Italian agricultural practices.

2. Horticulture

horticulture deals with the study of fruits, vegetables, ornaments plants and medicinal plants. Word Horticulture is derived from latin language word "HORTUS" which means "garden"

Horticulture is further divided into

"POMOLOGY" ,"FLORICULTURE" and "OLERICULTURE".

A. Word POMOLOGY is derived from latin word "POMUM"  which means fruits and Greek word " Logos" which means study .Thus POMOLOGY  deals with the study of fruits production.

B. Word " OLERICULTURE" is derived from latin language which means study of "pot herb".

C. Word " FLORICULTURE" is derived from latin language . It deals with the study of flowers, ornamentals plants.

3.SOIL SCIENCE

word soil is derived from latin language word" solum" which means floor.Thus soil is the uppermost layer of the earth which is the  mixture of mineral , organic components. When a proper amount of water is added into the soil it can provide a base for the growing of vegetation.

4. Animal husbandry

It deals with the rearing of animals like cow, buffalo,pigs , poultry and other animals . It is the most important branch of agriculture , without animal husbandry there is no future and existence of agriculture and farmers.

It provides milk, cheez, curd, ghee, butter, meat, eggs etc. Food products and manure to the farm.

5. Pisciculture

Pisciculture, also known as fish farming, it is the cultivation of fish in a controlled environment, usually in ponds or tanks. The primary focus of pisciculture is on producing fish for food and recreational purposes, and it often involves traditional methods of breeding, feeding, and harvesting fish.

THANK YOU!